TENS for Anxiety, Pain, and Satisfaction After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Trial Parameters
Brief Summary
This study is designed to evaluate whether Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) can improve recovery for patients undergoing laparoscopic gallbladder removal surgery (laparoscopic cholecystectomy). TENS is a non-invasive method that uses mild electrical currents applied through the skin to stimulate nerves. The main goals of the study are to determine if TENS can: Reduce surgical anxiety before and during the procedure Decrease postoperative pain after surgery Improve overall patient satisfaction with their surgical experience Patients who participate will receive standard surgical care, and some will also receive TENS therapy. Outcomes will be measured using patient questionnaires and clinical assessments during the hospital stay and follow-up period. By comparing patients who receive TENS with those who do not, the study aims to provide evidence on whether this simple technique can enhance comfort and recovery after gallbladder surgery.
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria: * Adults aged 18-65 years scheduled for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) physical status classification I-II Ability to understand the study procedures and provide written informed consent No contraindications to TENS application (e.g., intact skin at electrode placement sites) Willingness to comply with perioperative assessments (pain, anxiety, satisfaction scales) Exclusion Criteria: * Patients with ASA III or higher physical status Presence of cardiac pacemaker or other implanted electrical devices History of epilepsy, severe neuropathy, or psychiatric disorders affecting pain/anxiety perception Skin lesions, infections, or dermatological conditions at electrode placement sites Use of analgesics, anxiolytics, or sedatives beyond standard perioperative protocols Emergency cholecystectomy or conversion to open surgery Pregnant or breastfeeding women Patients unwilling or unable to provide informed consent