Pharmaco-Neuroimaging Studies of Approach/Avoidance Behaviors and Post-Mortem Studies: Pharmacological Manipulation
Trial Parameters
Brief Summary
The study will investigate whether a nociceptin receptor antagonist will normalize neural and behavioral processes of approach/avoidance decision-making in unmedicated individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) and anxiety disorders. More specifically, the study aims to investigate dysregulation within (1) corticostriatal-midbrain circuitry and (2) nociceptin/orphanin FQ peptide and the nociceptin receptor (NOPR).
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion criteria for MDD/anxiety disorder group: * DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for MDD, Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Social Phobia, Panic Disorder, Post Traumatic Stress (diagnosed using the SCID-5) * Written informed consent * For MDD subjects, a baseline Hamilton Depression Rating Scale score \> 16 (17-item version) * Right-handed * Has a smartphone (iPhone or Android) (needed for Ecological Momentary Assessment) * Absence of any psychotropic medications for at least 2 weeks (6 weeks for fluoxetine, 6 months for neuroleptics, 2 weeks for benzodiazepines, 2 weeks for any other antidepressants) Inclusion criteria for healthy controls: * Absence of medical, neurological, and psychiatric illness (including alcohol and substance abuse), as assessed by subject history and a structured clinical interview (diagnosed using the SCID-5) * Written informed consent * Right-handed * Absence of any medications for at least 3 weeks * Has a smartphone (iPhone or Android) (needed for Ecological Momen