Family Investigation of Nephropathy and Diabetes (F.I.N.D.)
Trial Parameters
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Brief Summary
The Family Investigation of Nephropathy and Diabetes (FIND) is a multicenter study designed to identify genetic determinants of diabetic kidney disease. FIND will be conducted in eleven centers and in many ethnic groups throughout the United States. Two different strategies will be used to localize genes predisposing to kidney disease: a family-based genetic linkage study and a case-control study that utilizes admixture linkage disequilibrium. The center based at the Phoenix office of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK-Phoenix) will conduct family-based linkage studies among American Indian populations in the southwestern United States. Participants (index cases) with diabetes and kidney disease will initially be recruited, and their parents and siblings will also be invited to participate. Genetic material from these participants will be used to genotype markers throughout the genome. Linkage analysis will be conducted to identify particular chromosomal regions containing genes that influence susceptibility to diabetic kidney disease. Linkage analyses will also be used to identify genes influencing traits related to diabetic kidney disease, such as serum creatinine, urinary protein excretion, plasma glucose levels, blood pressure and blood lipid levels. Regions that show evidence for linkage will then be examined in more detail, with both genetic linkage and association studies, to attempt to identify the specific genes that influence diabetic kidney disease, or related traits. The identification of genes that influence susceptibility to diabetic kidney disease will lead to a better understanding of how kidney disease develops. In the long run, this may lead to improved treatment and prevention of diabetic kidney disease.
Eligibility Criteria
* INCLUSION CRITERIA: Index Cases: Individuals with diabetes and diabetic nephropathy who are at least 18 years of age. Potential index cases must have at least one sibling, or both parents available as potential study participants. Potential index cases must also have diabetic nephropathy. An index case must have nephropathy that is more severe than microalbuminuria. An index case must meet one of the following criteria: 1. Biopsy proven diabetic nephropathy (by medical record review): 1. Nodular and/or diffuse increases in the mesangial matrix accumulation; and 2. Thickened glomerular basement membranes and/or arteriolar hyalinization; and 3. Absence of mesangial immunoglobulin or paraprotein deposits by immunoflorecscence microscopy, absence of amyloid deposits by Congo Red staining or electron microscopy, absence of electron dense deposits within the glomerular basement membrane or glomerular capillary subendothelial space; and 4. Overt proteinuria, defined as ACR greater than or e