Acute Effects of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation at Acupoints on Nociceptive Transmission: A Mechanism Study Using Pain-Related Evoked Potentials
Trial Parameters
Brief Summary
The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) applied to acupoints can modulate pain transmission and cortical processing in healthy adult volunteers. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Does TENS at Zhongzhu (SJ3) and Hegu (LI4) change pain-related evoked potentials (PREPs)? * Does acupoint electrical stimulation alter nociceptive pathways reflected by PREP waveform modulation? Researchers will compare PREPs recorded before and after TENS at the two acupoints to see if TENS produces measurable effects on cortical nociceptive responses. Participants will receive low-frequency TENS applied to Zhongzhu (SJ3) and Hegu (LI4), and undergo PREP assessments before and after the intervention to measure cortical responses to standardized noxious stimuli.
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria: * Participants will be healthy adults aged 20 years or older. All participants must meet the inclusion criteria, including the absence of chronic medical conditions, no history of drug allergies or skin disorders, and no current use of medications that could affect study outcomes. To ensure the reliability of the results, participants are required to maintain a regular daily routine and have no history of substance or medication abuse. Exclusion Criteria: * Participants with a history of malignant tumors, hand disorders, implanted cardiac pacemakers, pregnancy, epilepsy, or any other condition that may interfere with the study procedures will be excluded from the study.