Trial Parameters
Brief Summary
This initiative aims to improve flourishing and quality of life of secondary school students, reduce mental distress (e.g., depression and suicidal ideation), enhance their understanding of mental health (e.g., mental health literacy) and help-seeking intention, and foster a supportive school environment (e.g., school climate-caring relationship, and sense of community). Also, this initiative aims to improve students' process of change in psychological (e.g., mattering, emotion regulation, empowerment) and social (e.g., trust belief) aspects and mental health awareness (e.g., mental health stigma). The feasibility, acceptability, and sustainability of the programme from multiple perspectives (e.g., students, student leaders, and stakeholders) will also be evaluated. In addition, the cost-effectiveness of delivering this programme (e.g., the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER)) among secondary schools in Hong Kong will be assessed. The programme will be implemented among students in 130 local secondary schools over three academic years. The first is a pilot phase (Year 1), which 40 schools will implement the intervention and student participants will be evaluated at pre- (T0) and post-intervention (T1) using questionnaires. In this stage, participatory research will be conducted before and after the intervention among students, student leaders, and stakeholders in 20 pilot schools to co-design the intervention, ensuring the programme meet the actual wellness needs of youth. In following two academic years, an additional 90 schools will participate in a cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT) with a 1:1 ratio between intervention and waitlist control groups. Each year, 45 schools will implement the intervention. Summative evaluation will be conducted among RCT schools at T0 and T1, and 3-month follow-up (T2). Quantitative data be collected to assess the effectiveness of intervention, and qualitative data will provide understanding of students' and stakeholders' perspectives of the intervention implementation. Cost outcomes will include intervention costs and cost savings, calculated from the payer (i.e., JC/government) perspective using administrative records or validated tools. The primary outcome of effectiveness will be the quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) of students. Cost and QALYs will be used to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of the intervention, for example, estimate the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER).
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria: * student in Hong Kong secondary school * Studying at Form 1 to Form 3 at the time of recruitment * Competence in comprehending written Chinese or English * Competence in speaking Cantonese or English * Written consent from students and their legal guardian Exclusion Criteria: * Not studying at Form 1 to 3 in Hong Kong secondary school * Incompetence in comprehending written Chinese or English * Incompetence in speaking Cantonese or English * No written consent from students or their legal guardian