Trial Parameters
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Brief Summary
Influenza is still responsible for more than 650,000 deaths per year worldwide and no major improvements in patients' care has been made despite 50 years of research. Especially, there is no therapeutic strategy targeting the dysregulated host response. CXCR4-expressing neutrophils seem to be involved in the rupture of host resistance. The aim of this study is thus to compare the percentage of blood CXCR4-expressing neutrophils between influenza survivors and non-survivors.
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria: * Patient aged 18 yo or above. * Acute respiratory distress syndrome as defined by the Berlin classification. * Invasive mechanical ventilation for less than 24 hours. * Cause of ARDS: * Influenza infection proven by polymerase chain reaction OR * Bacterial infection (tracheal aspirate with more than 105 CFU/mL and BAL with more than 104 CFU/mL. * Pancreatitis according to the 2013 Working Group IAP/APA Acute Pancreatitis Guidelines. * Peritonitis according to the 2018 SFAR guidelines. * Health insurance. * Written informed consent from legal relative or representative. Exclusion Criteria: * Neutropenia (\< 500/mm3) * Neutrophils qualitative defect. * Patient included in an interventional research assessing an immunomodulatory or antiviral drug. * Acquired ImmunoDeficiency Syndrome. * Contraindication to BAL: * Severe bronshospasm. * Out-of-control shock. * Intracranial high pressure. * Refractory hypoxemia (PaO2/FiO2 \< 60 mmHg). * Legal restriction: prisoners, pre