Monetary Incentive Delay Task for Probing Reward-related Neural Processes
Trial Parameters
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Brief Summary
150 males and 150 females ages 14-17 years-old will be enrolled in an observational, longitudinal study. There are three planned in-person visits: a baseline assessment, an 18-month follow-up, and a 36-month follow-up. The in-person visits will include assessment of substance use and other individual differences (e.g., reward function, psychiatric history), neuromelanin-sensitive MRI, as well as functional brain activation collected while the participant is at rest (resting-state fMRI) and while the participant completes a Monetary Incentive Delay task. Subjects will also be asked to complete past 90-day substance use assessments remotely every 90 days for 36 months.
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria: * Males and females ages 14-17 years-old; * English-speaking for assent and interview completion; * Capacity to provide assent. * For parents, the inclusion criteria will be willing and capacity to provide parental permission/consent. Exclusion Criteria: * current (within 6 months) use of medication that may affect cerebral function * history of severe medical or neurological illness, including stroke or seizure; * history of head trauma with loss of consciousness; * presence of metal in the body; * pregnancy or breastfeeding; * recent drug or alcohol use determined by positive urine toxicology or breathalyzer (to validate self-report assessment of substance use history); * lifetime use of psychotropic or other medication that could likely influence dopamine function, namely stimulant medication or antipsychotic medication, except a subgroup of 25 youth with history of prescribed stimulant medication and a subgroup of 15 youth with history antipsychotic medication w