Evaluation of Retrograde Intra Renal Surgery in the T-tilted Position
Trial Parameters
Brief Summary
To evaluate the effect of the T-tilted position on the stone-free rate compared to the standard lithotomy position in retrograde intrarenal surgeries. Common positions include the Trendelenburg position, where the patient is tilted head-down to help gravity move stones from the upper calyces to the renal pelvis, and the modified lateral decubitus position, which improves access to the lower renal poles. A more recent approach, the modified T-tilt position, combines a slight Trendelenburg tilt with lateral positioning, offering optimal access to both the upper and lower calyces while maintaining patient comfort
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria: * All patients above the age of 16 years of either sex who did not have a pre-existing ureteral stent presented to the Urology clinic in our university hospitals with kidney stones with size up to 2.5cm (estimated by CTUT as the greatest dimension or the summation of the greatest dimensions). Exclusion Criteria: * Previous open renal surgery or renal trauma. * Patients with renal anomalies. * Patients with untreated or active UTI. * Patients who suffer from medical conditions that preclude the application of Trendelenburg position (lung disease, congestive heart failure).