Continous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) Support for Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure in Burkina Faso
Trial Parameters
Brief Summary
Acute respiratory failure (ARF) is a frequent medical emergency, involving high costs for health organizations and patients who often require intensive care and respiratory assistance. According to an international study, 61% of hypoxemic patients in intensive care receive invasive ventilation \[3\]. Invasive mechanical ventilation is often unavailable in low-income countries and non-invasive ventilatory supports such as continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and high-flow oxygen therapy (HFO) were very useful during the COVID-19 pandemic. They reduced the rate of intubation and ICU admissions. In addition, CPAP can be used without a ventilator, no electricity is required. So, it could be a support of choice in low-income countries. Used of Boussignac-type CPAP could potentially reduce the recourse to intubation in patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure in a context where access to invasive ventilation remains very limited.
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria: All patients aged 18 years and older will be included in the study if they meet at least one of the following criteria : * Acute respiratory distress, defined as dyspnea respiratory rate ≥ 25 cycles/min * Hypoxemia, defined as the need for more 6 liters of oxygen to maintain an oxygen saturation (SpO2) of ≥ 92%. The fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) will be estimated using the 3% rule. Exclusion Criteria: Patients with any of the following criteria will not be included in the study: * Pregnant or breastfeeding women * Persons deprived of their liberty * Exacerbation of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or another chronic respiratory disease * Moderate to large amount of unilateral or bilateral undrained pleural effusion * Contraindication to CPAP: patient refusal, undrained pneumothorax, chest injury, repeated or large vomiting, upper gastrointestinal bleeding, craniofacial trauma, severe upper airway obstruction, or tetraplegia in the initial phase *