Comparison of Sacral ESP Block and Dorsal Penile Nerve Block in Pediatric Hypospadias Surgery
Trial Parameters
Brief Summary
This randomized controlled trial aims to compare the postoperative analgesic efficacy of ultrasound-guided Sacral Erector Spinae Plane (ESP) block versus Dorsal Penile Nerve Block (DPNB) in pediatric patients aged 1-7 years undergoing hypospadias surgery. The primary outcome is the pain score assessed by the FLACC scale at the 12th postoperative hour
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria: * Pediatric male patients aged 1-7 years. * ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) physical status I or II. * Scheduled for elective hypospadias surgery. * Written informed consent obtained from parents/guardians Exclusion Criteria: * History of neurological deficit or developmental delay. * Bleeding diathesis or known coagulopathy. * History of allergy to local anesthetics. * Infection or skin lesion at the block injection site. * Congenital spinal anomaly. * Mental retardation or history of psychiatric disease. * Liver or kidney dysfunction