Association Between Lingual Retraction and Hemodynamic Changes in Patients Receiving Dental Treatment Under General Anesthesia
Trial Parameters
Brief Summary
This study aims to investigate the association between sudden decreases in heart rate and blood pressure during dental procedures requiring lingual retraction-such as fillings, root canal treatments, tooth extractions, and cyst surgeries-under general anesthesia. Patients will be routinely monitored for vital parameters during anesthesia. Sudden drops in heart rate and blood pressure (10-20% decrease) will be recorded as lingual retraction-related trigeminocardiac reflex (TCR) events, along with the type of lingual retraction, dental procedure, and tooth location at the time of occurrence. Additionally, the results will be analyzed in relation to patient age, sex, and tongue size. \*\*Amendment \[March 2026\]:\*\* Following protocol revision and ethics committee approval, the study population has been restricted to pediatric patients (aged 2-18 years), and the adult arm has been discontinued. The primary outcome and observational methodology remain unchanged; however, the secondary outcome regarding adult-pediatric comparison has been removed from the analysis plan.\*\*
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria: * Patients referred to our faculty for dental procedures requiring general anesthesia. * Patients classified as ASA physical status I or II. Exclusion Criteria: * Patients unwilling to participate in the study. * Patients classified as ASA physical status III or IV. * Patients with diseases affecting cardiac inotropy, chronotropy, or dromotropy. * Patients using medications influencing cardiac inotropy, chronotropy, or dromotropy. * Patients with cardiac pacemakers. * Patients with cardiac arrhythmias. * Patients with neurological disorders affecting the trigeminocardiac reflex pathway (inhibition or activation).