"Improving Health and Reducing Chronic Disease Risk in Middle-Aged Adults Through Nutrition"
Trial Parameters
Brief Summary
The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the effect of a multifactorial lifestyle intervention combining Mediterranean diet, energy reduction and physical activity on weight loss in middle-aged adults (men and women 30-50 years old) with metabolic syndrome. The main questions it aims to answer are: Is a multifactorial intervention based on Mediterranean diet, energy reduction and physical activity able to promote weight loss maintenance in middle-aged men and women with metabolic syndrome? syndrome? Which are the sociodemographic barriers to adhere to a multifactorial lifestyle intervention to promote cardiometabolic health? How is the lifestyle pattern of middle-aged Spanish adults with metabolic Researchers will compare a multifactorial lifestyle intervention combining Mediterranean diet, energy reduction and physical activity to a control intervention based on usual primary healthcare to see if the intervention improve cardiometabolic traits and promote weight loss maintenance after 1 year. Participants in the intervention arm will be asked to follow an energy-reduced Mediterranean diet plus a physical activity program with the aim of reducing 5-10% of the initial weight in 6 months and of maintaining the weight lost after 1 year o follow-up.
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria: * BMI 27-40 Kg/m2 * Metabolic syndrome according to International Diabetes Federation Task Force on Epidemiology and Prevention; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; American Heart Association; World Heart Federation; International Atherosclerosis Society; and International Association for the Study of Obesity * Stable weight in the last 3 months (weight changes \< 4Kg) * Be able to give informed consent Exclusion Criteria: * Have a diagnosed illness that interferes with the recommendations proposed in the intervention. * Women with established menopause. * Pregnant or breastfeeding women. * Serious psychiatric illness/disorder. * Social, cultural or psychological factors that may affect adherence to the intervention protocol. * Inability to communicate with study staff. * Inability to follow recommended diet or inability to engage in physical activity. * Low likelihood of modifying dietary habits according to the different stages of change according to the Pr